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- Copyright Industries in Morocco
Copyright Industries in Morocco
Auteur :
SEKKAT
Khalid
ACHY
Lahcen
Date de publication : 02/03/2002
Type : Rapport
Thème : Information et communication
Couverture :
Maroc
URL Article :
www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/studies/pdf/study_k_sekkat.pdfURL Source :
www.wipo.int 
Télécharger le document :
(472,82 kB) Copyright_Industries_in_Morocco.pdfRésumé/Sommaire :
This report analyzes the situation of four copyright industries in Morocco (Book, Music, Film and Software) taking account of their specific nature. It contains three main parts. The first part uses available data on production, demand and trade to examine the performance of the four industries. The second part presents and analyzes the results of interviews conducted with representatives (individuals or institutions) of each industry. The third part summarizes the main finding and draws policy implications.
The main results are the following:
- The book industry has very low performance associated with very low (domestic and foreign) demand and high difficulties of getting credit from banks. In contrast, the availability of adequate labor has a positive impact on the performance of the industry. The relationships with related industries and the quality of intermediate goods are disappointing while the intensity of (foreign and domestic competition) does not seem to be an issue. Public policy regarding human resources, technology, infrastructure and investment has a positive impact on the performance of the industry while the lack of a policy toward demand stimulation and the low level of IRP enforcement impact performance. Expectations are optimistic.
- The film industry has low performance associated with very low (domestic and foreign) demand and high difficulties of getting credit from banks. In contrast, the availability of the adequate labor has a positive impact on the performance of the industry. Regarding the related industries, producers complain about the quality of distribution. The high concentrations of ownership and location downstream as well as foreign and domestic competition are important obstacles to the development of the industry. Public policy regarding human resources, technology, infrastructure and investment has a positive impact on the performance of the industry while the policy toward demand stimulation and IRP enforcement does not seem to be an issue. Expectations are optimistic.
- The software industry is well performing with sustained (domestic and foreign) demand. While the industry has an easy access to bank funding it suffers form shortage in terms of skilled workers. It benefits from good performance downstream and from the settlement of related activities (e.g. Internet applications and Tele-services) in the country. Firms in the industry are presently not in a position to compete with foreigners but are setting strategies to improve their competitive advantages. Public policy is still insufficient to provide the industry with the adequate human resources but it has a positive impact on the performance of the industry in term of infrastructure. The low level of IRP enforcement by authorities impacts performance. Expectations are very optimistic.
- The music industry has very low performance associated with very low (domestic and foreign) demand, high difficulties of getting credit form banks and shortage in term of skilled labor. Upstream (the creation stage), there is a wealthy supply of various kinds of music which are appreciated in the country and abroad. However, downstream the quality of distribution is disappointing. Instead of domestic competition, foreign competition seems to be a major problem for the industry. Public policy regarding human resources, technology, infrastructure, investment and IRP enforcement has a negative impact on the performance of the industry. Expectations are very pessimistic. Overall, three industries (book, film and music) have bad performance and one (software) has good performance. The three industries share five factors which have negative impacts on their performance: a difficult access to bank’s credit, low domestic and foreign demands, a non-performing distribution stage and the lack of IRP enforcement. The later is also a major issue for the well performing industry which also suffers from shortage in skilled labor.
Beside the problem of demand which is related to more structural characteristics of the country (e.g. income, poverty and literacy), some suggestions can be put forward to deal with the other factors.
The problem of access to credit comes from the perceived high uncertainty facing the activity of the three industries. This may be tackled through the creation of a “guarantee fund” similar to the one set up by many countries to foster their foreign trade. The objective of the fund is to share the risk among partners. It should be managed by representative from banks, the industry and the government.
The issue of the distribution stage is more complex because it is related to concentration of ownership and location, to the seemingly preference for foreign goods by distributors and to the lack of coordination between producers and distributors. These problems can be addressed by existing or forthcoming professional associations. The associations should emphasize the win/win aspect of cooperation and may be even able to find some solutions to the concentration and foreign goods problems.
The enforcement of IPR is a major obstacle to improving performance in the four industries. It calls for a more active policy by the government and also for a more intense collaboration among firms and with the government. While it is impossible for a single firm to set up a specific department in charge of IRP enforcement, pooling firms’ resources together may allow them to investigate and chase IRP violations.
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