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Cities, Skills, and Regional Change
Auteur :
Glaeser
Edward L.,
Ponzetto
Giacomo A. M.,
Tobio
Kristina
Date de publication : 31/03/2011
Type : Etude
Thème : Territoire
Couverture :
Maroc
URL Article :
http://www.economics.harvard.edu/pub/hier/2011/HIER2191.pdfURL Source :
http://www.economics.harvard.edu/ 
Télécharger le document :
(2,78 MB) Cities, Skills, and Regional Change.pdfRésumé/Sommaire :
One approach to urban areas emphasizes the existence of certain immutable relationships, such as Zipf.s or Gibrat.s Law. An alternative view is that urban change re.ects individual responses to changing tastes or technologies. This paper examines almost 200 years of regional change in the U.S. and .nds that few, if any, growth relationships remain constant, including Gibrat.s Law. Education does a reasonable job of explaining urban resilience in recent decades, but does not seem to predict county growth a century ago. After reviewing this evidence, we present and estimate a simple model of regional change, where education increases the level of entrepreneurship. Human capital spillovers occur at the city level because skilled workers produce more product varieties and thereby increase labor demand. We .nd that skills are associated with growth in productivity or entrepreneurship, not with growth in quality of life, at least outside of theWest. We also .nd that skills seem to have depressed housing supply growth in the West, but not in other regions, which supports the view that educated residents in that region have fought for tougher land-use controls. We also present evidence that skills have had a disproportionately large impact on unemployment during the current recession.
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