Abhatoo - Centre Nationale de Documentation

Water scarcity is one of the most pressing humanitarian challenges worldwide, most notably in arid and semi-arid regions like Morocco. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of three sustainable water management strategies currently being developed in the Souss Massa region of southern Morocco: fog harvesting, desalination, and wastewater treatment. Drawing upon empirical data, interviews, and existing scientific literature, the research explores the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of each approach. Fog harvesting is a locally driven solution that takes advantage of natural phenomena to collect water, albeit with limitations in reliability. Desalination is promising in addressing long-term water scarcity but requires significant energy consumption and has environmental concerns.
Wastewater treatment is a viable option yet faces challenges in rural accessibility and environmental damage. The study discusses the factors shaping water management strategies, revealing the complexity inherent in addressing water scarcity. By approaching the topic through the lens of human rights and social justice, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of sustainable water management practices and the humanitarian crisis connected to it.